La Jornada «Sexuality and gender identity in contemporary childhood and adolescence: The freedom to doubt», held on October 4, 2024, opened a space for reflection on the new forms of distress affecting children and adolescents in relation to sexuality and gender identity.

The impact of accelerated social changes, the fragility of bonds, the trivialization of sexuality, and the loss of role models in today's society was analyzed.

The conference also addressed the influence of new technologies and the confusion between the real and virtual worlds in the development of children and adolescents.

One of the axes of debate was the increasingly early access to pornography and the challenges posed by sex-affective education.

The influence of screens and new models of identification on the construction of subjectivity during childhood and adolescence was also reflected upon.

Regarding gender identity, the differences between sex and gender and the complex interaction between biological, psychological, and cultural factors were raised.

The conference brought to the table the different approaches and debates present in the academic, social, and healthcare fields.

Special attention was paid to the organization of gender identity services for children and youth and to the international debates surrounding these services.

In this context, the Cass Review as a relevant contribution to the debate on the care of children and youth.

The conference, promoted by the Children and Adolescents group of the FCCSM, vindicated lthe need to think, listen, and keep the possibility of doubt open, promoting a rigorous and pluralistic debate on these issues.